Linux Basic Command

Linux Basic Command

1. touch: Create new file.
2. rm: Remove specified file.
3. whereis: Locate binary, source and manual sections for specified files.
4. which: Show the full path of commands.
5. type: Declare variables and/or give them attributes.
6. grep: Print lines matching a pattern.
7. cp: Copy files and directories.
8. mv: Move or rename files.
9. rmdir: Remove directories.
10. whoami: Print effective user id.
11. locate: List files in database that match a pattern.
12. find: Search files in a directory hierarchy.

Viewing File Commands 

1. cat: Acronym for concatenate. It display the contents of a file.
2. less: Display output one screen at a time.
3. head: Print the first part of the files.

 Managing files and directories command 

1. man: Give information about any command.
2. echo: Display message on screen. Useful for showing the values of environmental variables.
3. pwd: Stands for print working directory. Allows you to know the directory which you're located.
4. ls: Print all the files in current directory.
5. usermod: Modify user account information.
6. cd: Change directory.
7. info: Provide current information.

File Permissions

1. r - Read permission, view what in the file.
2. w - Write Permission, change the file content.
3. x - Execute Permission, run the file as a program.

Change File Ownership

1. chmod: Change file permission
2. chgrp: Change group ownership
3. chown: Change user ownership

Linux Desktop Environment

Gnome

• Acronym for GNU Network Object Model Environment.
• A graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system composed entirely of free and open source software
• GNOME is part of the GNU project and part of the free software, or open source, movement.
• GNOME is a Windows-like desktop system.
• The main objective of GNOME is to provide a user-friendly suite of applications and an easy-to-use desktop.

KDE 

• Acronym for K Desktop Environment. A network-transparent contemporary desktop environment for UNIX workstations.
• KDE is part of the free software, or open source, movement, which competes with the more common commercial operating system /desktop platforms on the market.
• KDE is free to anyone and its source code is available to anyone to modify. 

 Open Source Application In Linux 

 Office Application:

• OpenOffice.org
• Sun StarOffice
•  StarOffice 5.2
• Applix Office 
• Corel
• Maxwell Word 
• Gnome Office
• AbiSource 
• Gnumeric  
  
• KDE Office - KWord, KSpread, KIllustrator, KChart, KFormula, Kivio and Kpresenter 
• Andrew Office suite - available for all Unixes
• ANGOSS SmartWare2000
• Siag Office
• HanCom Office
• Gobe Productive

Internet Application:

• Firefox
• Sea Monkey

Email Application:

• Evolution
• Mozilla Thunderbird
• Kmail
• Balsa

Graphic Application:

• Inkscape
• GIMPshop Review
• Linux Graphic Software
• Artstream
• DuhDraw
• Giftrans
• GNU Ghostrips and Ghostview
• GIMP

Entertainment Application:

• Xine
• Miro 2.5
• RealPlayer 11
• VLC Player
• XMMS (X MultiMedia System)